Hello World in Duwa

Introduction

Welcome to your first journey into the Duwa programming language! This tutorial goes beyond the traditional "Hello World" approach by creating an interactive, educational program that introduces you to fundamental programming concepts while using the unique features of Duwa.

🎯 Learning Objectives

By the end of this tutorial, you will:

Understand basic input and output operations in Duwa
Learn string manipulation techniques
Master control flow with conditional statements and loops
Create a function with user interaction
Handle basic error scenarios
Gain insights into the Duwa language design

📋 Prerequisites

Before you begin, ensure you have:

Duwa programming language installed
- Follow installation instructions
- Alternatively, use the online Duwa playground
A text editor or Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Basic understanding of programming concepts (helpful but not required)

🚀 Tutorial Sections

Part 1: Understanding Function Structure

In Duwa, functions are defined using the ndondomeko keyword:

ndondomeko moni_kwa_munthu() {
    // Function body will go here
}

Functions help organize code into reusable blocks.

Part 2: Basic Input and Output

Lets start by creating two variables that we will use to store the user's first and last name, we set these values to empty strings:

mawu lopatsidwa = "";
mawu labambo = "";

Then lets greet the user and ask for their name, the user will enter their full name seperated by a space:

 
Khonso.lemba("Mwalandiridwa ku Duwa Programming!");
Khonso.lemba("Dzina lako ndindani?");
mawu dzina = Khonso.landira();

Khonso.lemba(): This writes text to the console
Khonso.landira(): Receives user input (The user will enter a value in the console)
We are storing the user's input in a variable called dzina

Part 3: Name Validation and Processing

Now we have the user's full name, we need to validate it and extract the first and last name. We will split the full name using the space character and store the array in separate variables:

mawu dzinaLonse = dzina.gawa(" ");
 
ngati (dzinaLonse.kutalika() != 2) {
    Khonso.lemba("Dzina lanu likhala ndi dzina lopatsidwa ndi labambo.");
}

gawa(" "): Splits the input string by space and returns an array of strings
kutalika(): Returns string length, we are checking if the array has exactly two elements (first and last name)
ngati: Conditional statement (equivalent to "if")

We want to be able to prompt the user to enter their name again if they don't enter their first and last name, to do this we will use a loop. Lets modifiy the code to include a loop:

mawu lopatsidwa = "";
mawu labambo = "";
 
pamene(zoona) {
    Khonso.lemba("Dzina lako ndindani?");
    mawu dzina = Khonso.landira();
 
    mawu dzinaLonse = dzina.gawa(" ");
 
    ngati (dzinaLonse.kutalika() != 2) {
        Khonso.fufuta();
        Khonso.lemba("Dzina lanu likhala ndi dzina lopatsidwa ndi labambo.");
        pitirizani;
    }
}

We have added a pamene(zoona) loop which will keep running until the user enters their first and last name correctly.

If the name that we have split does not have two parts we will clear the console using Khonso.fufuta() and prompt the user to enter their name again. We going back to the start of the loop using pitirizani.

Now that we have the user's first and last name, we can extract and display them:

pamene(zoona) {
    // Existing code
    lopatsidwa = dzinaLonse[0];
    labambo = dzinaLonse[1];
    Khonso.lemba("Moni " + lopatsidwa + "!");
    Khonso.lemba("Dzina lanu lopatsidwa ndi yotalika ndi mawu " + lopatsidwa.kutalika());
    siya;
}

We set the first name to lopatsidwa and the last name to labambo variables we created earlier
siya: Breaks out of the current loop

Part 4: Programming Experience Exploration

We'll add an interactive section to gauge the user's programming experience:

// Existing code (Outside the loop)
Khonso.lemba("Mwankhala mukupanga programming kwazaka zingati?");
 
nambala experience = 0;
 
pamene(zoona) {
    nambala experience = kuNambala(Khonso.landira());
    ngati(experience == palibe) {
        Khonso.lemba("Simunayike nambala, lowetsaninso");
        pitirizani;
    }
    siya;
}
 
ngati (experience < 0) {
    Khonso.lemba("Mukhoza kulemba nambala yoposa zero?");
    pitirizani;
}
 
ngati (experience <= 1) {
    Khonso.lemba("Takulandirani, pa ulendo wanu wa programming!");
}
 
ngati (experience > 1 && experience <= 5) {
    Khonso.lemba("Pangono, pangono ntchito yikuyenda");
}
 
ngati (experience > 5) {
    Khonso.lemba("Ndinu wodziwa zambiri. Mwina mundiphunzitsa posachedwa!");
}

The code is similar to the last one, we are asking the user for their programming experience and then if validation fails we prompt the user to enter their experience again using a loop.
Programming experience is a number so we convert the user's input to a number using kuNambala() since Khonso.landira() returns a string. -kuNambala() return palibe if the input is not a number, so we check for that and prompt the user to enter a number again.
Then we check the defferent levels of experience and display a message based on the user's experience.

Part 5: Complete Program

Combining all elements into a single, interactive program:

ndondomeko moni_kwa_munthu() {
	mawu lopatsidwa = "";
	mawu labambo = "";
	pamene(zoona) {
		Khonso.lemba("Dzina lako ndindani?");
		mawu dzina = Khonso.landira();
 
		mawu dzinaLonse = dzina.gawa(" ");
 
		ngati (dzinaLonse.kutalika() != 2) {
			Khonso.fufuta();
			Khonso.lemba("Dzina lanu likhala ndi dzina lopatsidwa ndi labambo.");
			pitirizani;
		}
		lopatsidwa = dzinaLonse[0];
		labambo = dzinaLonse[1];
		Khonso.lemba("Moni " + lopatsidwa + "!");
		Khonso.lemba("Dzina lanu lopatsidwa ndi yotalika ndi mawu " + lopatsidwa.kutalika());
		siya;
	}
 
	nambala experience = 0;
	Khonso.lemba("Mwankhala mukupanga programming kwazaka zingati?");
	pamene(zoona) {
		nambala experience = kuNambala(Khonso.landira());
		ngati(experience == palibe) {
			Khonso.lemba("Simunayike nambala, lowetsaninso");
			pitirizani;
		}
		siya;
	}
 
	ngati (experience < 0) {
		Khonso.lemba("Mukhoza kulemba nambala yoposa zero?");
		pitirizani;
	}
 
	ngati (experience <= 1) {
		Khonso.lemba("Takulandirani, pa ulendo wanu wa programming!");
	}
 
	ngati (experience > 1 && experience <= 5) {
		Khonso.lemba("Pangono, pangono ntchito yikuyenda");
	}
 
	ngati (experience > 5) {
		Khonso.lemba("Ndinu wodziwa zambiri. Mwina mundiphunzitsa posachedwa!");
	}
}
 
moni_kwa_munthu();

🖥️ Running the Program

Save the code in a file with .duwa extension (e.g., hello_world.duwa)
Use the Duwa interpreter to run:
```
duwa run hello_world.duwa
```

🎮 Sample Interaction

Dzina lako ndindani?
John Doe
Moni John!
Dzina lanu lopatsidwa ndi yotalika ndi mawu 2
Mwankhala mukupanga programming kwazaka zingati?
2
Pangono, pangono ntchito yikuyenda

🏋️ Challenges and Exercises

Enhanced Name Validation
- Add checks for special characters
- Implement maximum retry attempts
- Validate name length
- Check if the name containes numbers
Experience Level Depth
- Provide personalized learning resources

🚦 Next Learning Paths

Explore advanced Duwa language features
Build more complex interactive programs
Contribute to the Duwa language community
Share your learning journey

🎉 Conclusion

Congratulations! You've created an interactive Hello World program that goes beyond simple text printing. You've learned fundamental programming concepts while experiencing the unique design of the Duwa language.

Remember: Programming is a journey of continuous learning. Keep exploring, stay curious, and enjoy the process! 🚀

Happy Coding in Duwa!

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Hello World in Duwa